astigmatisməˈstɪg məˌtɪz əm; əˈstɪg mi ə
astigmatism (n)
English Definitions:
astigmatism, astigmia (noun)
(ophthalmology) impaired eyesight resulting usually from irregular conformation of the cornea; common in nearsighted people
astigmatism, astigmia (noun)
(optics) defect in an optical system in which light rays from a single point fail to converge in a single focal point
astigmatism (Noun)
A defect of a lens such that light rays coming from a point do not meet at a focal point so that the image is blurred.
astigmatism (Noun)
A disorder of the vision, usually due to a misshapen cornea, such that light does not focus correctly on the retina causing a blurred image.
Astigmatism
An optical system with astigmatism is one where rays that propagate in two perpendicular planes have different foci. If an optical system with astigmatism is used to form an image of a cross, the vertical and horizontal lines will be in sharp focus at two different distances. The term comes from the Greek α- meaning "without" and στίγμα, "a mark, spot, puncture".
Astigmatism
Astigmatism is a type of refractive error due to rotational asymmetry in the eye's refractive power. This results in distorted or blurred vision at any distance. Other symptoms can include eyestrain, headaches, and trouble driving at night. Astigmatism often occurs at birth and can change or develop later in life. If it occurs in early life and is left untreated, it may result in amblyopia.The cause of astigmatism is unclear; however, it is believed to be partly related to genetic factors. The underlying mechanism involves an irregular curvature of the cornea and protective reaction changes in the lens of the eye, called lens astigmatism, that has the same mechanism as spasm of accommodation. Diagnosis is by an eye examination called autorefractor keratometry (objective, allows to see lens and cornea components of astigmatism) and subjective refraction, but subjective methods are almost always inaccurate, if lens astigmatism is not fully removed first with a week of eye drops.Three treatment options are available: glasses, contact lenses, and surgery. Glasses are the simplest. Contact lenses can provide a wider field of vision and less artifacts than even double aspheric lenses. Refractive surgery permanently changes the shape of the eye and thereby cures astigmatism.In Europe and Asia, astigmatism affects between 30 and 60% of adults. People of all ages can be affected by astigmatism. Astigmatism was first reported by Thomas Young in 1801.
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