calculusˈkæl kyə ləs; -ˌlaɪ
English Definitions:
calculus, concretion (noun)
a hard lump produced by the concretion of mineral salts; found in hollow organs or ducts of the body
"renal calculi can be very painful"
tartar, calculus, tophus (noun)
an incrustation that forms on the teeth and gums
calculus, infinitesimal calculus (noun)
the branch of mathematics that is concerned with limits and with the differentiation and integration of functions
calculus (Noun)
calculation, computation
calculus (Noun)
Any formal system in which symbolic expressions are manipulated according to fixed rules.
calculus (Noun)
Differential calculus and integral calculus considered as a single subject; analysis.
calculus (Noun)
A stony concretion that forms in a bodily organ.
calculus (Noun)
Deposits of calcium phosphate salts on teeth.
calculus (Noun)
A decision-making method, especially one appropriate for a specialised realm.
Calculus
Calculus is the mathematical study of change, in the same way that geometry is the study of shape and algebra is the study of operations and their application to solving equations. It has two major branches, differential calculus, and integral calculus; these two branches are related to each other by the fundamental theorem of calculus. Both branches make use of the fundamental notions of convergence of infinite sequences and infinite series to a well-defined limit. Calculus has widespread uses in science, economics, and engineering and can solve many problems that algebra alone cannot. Calculus is a major part of modern mathematics education. A course in calculus is a gateway to other, more advanced courses in mathematics devoted to the study of functions and limits, broadly called mathematical analysis. Calculus has historically been called "the calculus of infinitesimals", or "infinitesimal calculus". The word "calculus" comes from Latin and means a small stone used for counting. More generally, calculus refers to any method or system of calculation guided by the symbolic manipulation of expressions. Some examples of other well-known calculi are propositional calculus, calculus of variations, lambda calculus, and process calculus.
Calculus
Calculus, originally called infinitesimal calculus or "the calculus of infinitesimals", is the mathematical study of continuous change, in the same way that geometry is the study of shape, and algebra is the study of generalizations of arithmetic operations. It has two major branches, differential calculus and integral calculus; the former concerns instantaneous rates of change, and the slopes of curves, while the latter concerns accumulation of quantities, and areas under or between curves. These two branches are related to each other by the fundamental theorem of calculus, and they make use of the fundamental notions of convergence of infinite sequences and infinite series to a well-defined limit.Infinitesimal calculus was developed independently in the late 17th century by Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. Later work, including codifying the idea of limits, put these developments on a more solid conceptual footing. Today, calculus has widespread uses in science, engineering, and social science.
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