catecholamineˌkæt ɪˈkɒl əˌmin, -ˈkoʊ lə-
catecholamine (n)
- plural
- catecholamines
English Definitions:
catecholamine (noun)
any of a group of chemicals including epinephrine and norepinephrine that are produced in the medulla of the adrenal gland
catecholamine (Noun)
Any of a class of aromatic amines derived from pyrocatechol that are hormones produced by the adrenal gland.
Catecholamine
A catecholamine is an organic compound that has a catechol and a side-chain amine. Catechol is a chemical, but catechol may also be used as the name of a substituent, where it represents a 3,4-dihydroxybenzene group. Catecholamines derive from the amino acid tyrosine. Catecholamines are water-soluble and are 50%-bound to plasma proteins when they circulate in the bloodstream. In the human body, the most abundant catecholamines are epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine, all of which are produced from phenylalanine and tyrosine. Release of the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine from the adrenal medulla of the adrenal glands is part of the fight-or-flight response. Tyrosine is created from phenylalanine by hydroxylation by the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. Tyrosine is also ingested directly from dietary protein. Catecholamine-secreting cells use several reactions to serially convert tyrosine to L-DOPA and then to dopamine. Depending on the cell type, dopamine may be further converted to norepinephrine or even further converted to epinephrine. Various stimulant drugs are catecholamine analogues.
Catecholamine
A catecholamine (; abbreviated CA) is a monoamine neurotransmitter, an organic compound that has a catechol (benzene with two hydroxyl side groups next to each other) and a side-chain amine.Catechol can be either a free molecule or a substituent of a larger molecule, where it represents a 1,2-dihydroxybenzene group. Catecholamines are derived from the amino acid tyrosine, which is derived from dietary sources as well as synthesis from phenylalanine. Catecholamines are water-soluble and are 50% bound to plasma proteins in circulation. Included among catecholamines are epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and dopamine. Release of the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine from the adrenal medulla of the adrenal glands is part of the fight-or-flight response.Tyrosine is created from phenylalanine by hydroxylation by the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. Tyrosine is also ingested directly from dietary protein. Catecholamine-secreting cells use several reactions to convert tyrosine serially to L-DOPA and then to dopamine. Depending on the cell type, dopamine may be further converted to norepinephrine or even further converted to epinephrine.Various stimulant drugs (such as a number of substituted amphetamines) are catecholamine analogues.
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"catecholamine." Kamus.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2024. Web. 29 Mar. 2024. <https://www.kamus.net/english/catecholamine>.
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