apocryphaəˈpɒk rə fə
English Definitions:
Apocrypha (noun)
14 books of the Old Testament included in the Vulgate (except for II Esdras) but omitted in Jewish and Protestant versions of the Bible; eastern Christian churches (except the Coptic Church) accept all these books as canonical; the Russian Orthodox Church accepts these texts as divinely inspired but does not grant them the same status
apocrypha (Noun)
Certain writings which are received by some Christians as an authentic part of the Holy Scriptures, but are rejected by others.
apocrypha (Noun)
Something, as a writing, that is of doubtful authorship or authority; -- formerly used also adjectively. - John Locke.
Apocrypha
The term apocrypha refers most generically to statements or claims that are of dubious authenticity. The word's origin is the medieval Latin adjective apocryphus, "secret, or non-canonical", from the Greek adjective ἀπόκρυφος, "obscure", from verb ἀποκρύπτειν, "to hide away". It is commonly used in Christian religious contexts to refer to certain religious books of ancient origin, most often those over which there is still-current disagreement about biblical canonicity. The pre-Christian-era Jewish translation of holy scriptures known as the Septuagint included these writings. However, the Jewish canon was not finalized until at least 100–200 years into the Christian era, at which time considerations of Greek language and beginnings of Christian acceptance of the Septuagint weighed against some of the texts. Some were not accepted as part of the Hebrew Bible canon. Over several centuries of consideration, the books of the Septuagint were finally accepted into the Christian Old Testament, by 405 CE in the west, and by the end of the fifth century in the east. The Christian canon thus established was retained even after the 11th-century schism that separated the church into the branches known as the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches.
Apocrypha
Apocrypha are written works, often of unknown authorship or doubtful origin. In Christianity, the word apocryphal (ἀπόκρυφος) was first applied to writings which were to be read privately rather than in the public context of church services -- edifying Christian works which were not considered canonical Scripture. In the wake of the Protestant Reformation, the word apocrypha came to mean "false, spurious, bad, or heretical". From a Protestant point of view, Biblical apocrypha are a set of texts included in the Septuagint and the Latin Vulgate, but not in the Hebrew Bible. While Catholic tradition considers some of these texts to be deuterocanonical, and the Orthodox Churches consider them all to be canonical, Protestants consider them apocryphal, that is, non-canonical books that are useful for instruction. Luther's Bible placed them in a separate section in between the Old Testament and New Testament called the Apocrypha, a convention followed by subsequent Protestant Bibles. Other non-canonical apocryphal texts are generally called pseudepigrapha, a term that means "false attribution".
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