collectivismkəˈlɛk təˌvɪz əm
collectivism (n)
English Definitions:
Bolshevism, collectivism, sovietism (noun)
Soviet communism
collectivism (noun)
a political theory that the people should own the means of production
collectivism (Noun)
An economic system in which the means of production and distribution are owned and controlled by the people collectively
Collectivism
Collectivism is any philosophic, political, religious, economic, or social outlook that emphasizes the interdependence of every human being in a society or civilization. Collectivism is a basic cultural element that exists as the reverse of individualism in human nature. Collectivist orientations stress the importance of cohesion within social groups and in some cases, the priority of group goals over individual goals. Collectivists often focus on community, society, nation or country. It has been used as an element in many different and diverse types of government and political, economic and educational philosophies throughout history and most human societies in practice contain elements of both individualism and collectivism. Some examples of collectivist cultures include India and Japan. Collectivism can be divided into horizontal collectivism and vertical collectivism. Horizontal collectivism stresses collective decision-making among equal individuals, and is thus usually based on decentralization and egalitarianism. Vertical collectivism is based on hierarchical structures of power and on moral and cultural conformity, and is therefore based on centralization and hierarchy. A cooperative enterprise would be an example of horizontal collectivism, whereas a military hierarchy would be an example of vertical collectivism.
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