dehydrationˌdi haɪˈdreɪ ʃən
dehydration (n)
English Definitions:
dehydration, desiccation (noun)
dryness resulting from the removal of water
dehydration (noun)
depletion of bodily fluids
dehydration, desiccation, drying up, evaporation (noun)
the process of extracting moisture
dehydration (Noun)
The act or process of freeing from water; also, the condition of a body from which the water has been removed.
Dehydration
In physiology and medicine, dehydration is the excessive loss of body water, with an accompanying disruption of metabolic processes. It is literally the removal of water from an object; however, in physiological terms, it entails a deficiency of fluid within an organism. Dehydration of skin and mucous membranes can be called medical dryness. Some authors have reported three types of dehydration based on serum sodium levels: hypotonic or hyponatremic, hypertonic or hypernatremic, and isotonic or isonatremic. In reality however, it emerges that by "hyponatremic" and "eunatremic" dehydration these authors are actually referring to "hypovolemia". In humans, it is thought that the most commonly seen type of dehydration by far is isotonic dehydration, but this effectively refers to hypovolemia. "Dehydration", is thus a term that has loosely been used to mean loss of water, regardless of whether it is as water and solutes or free water. Those who refer to hypotonic dehydration therefore refer to solute loss and thus loss of intravascular volume but in the presence of exaggerated intravascular volume depletion for a given amount of total body water gain. It is true that neurological complications can occur in hypotonic and hypertonic states. The former can lead to seizures, while the latter can lead to osmotic cerebral edema upon rapid rehydration. It is thus important to distinguish "dehydration" from "hypovolemia" and maybe limit the term "dehydration" to states of "hypernatremia" and call all other usage "hypovolemia" as that would greatly facilitate management.
Dehydration
In physiology, dehydration is a lack of total body water, with an accompanying disruption of metabolic processes. It occurs when free water loss exceeds free water intake, usually due to exercise, disease, or high environmental temperature. Mild dehydration can also be caused by immersion diuresis, which may increase risk of decompression sickness in divers. Most people can tolerate a 3-4% decrease in total body water without difficulty or adverse health effects. A 5-8% decrease can cause fatigue and dizziness. Loss of over ten percent of total body water can cause physical and mental deterioration, accompanied by severe thirst. Death occurs at a loss of between fifteen and twenty-five percent of the body water. Mild dehydration is characterized by thirst and general discomfort and is usually resolved with oral rehydration. Dehydration can cause hypernatremia (high levels of sodium ions in the blood) and is distinct from hypovolemia (loss of blood volume, particularly blood plasma).
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"dehydration." Kamus.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2024. Web. 28 Mar. 2024. <https://www.kamus.net/english/dehydration>.
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