lithographylɪˈθɒg rə fi
lithography (n)
English Definitions:
lithography (noun)
a method of planographic printing from a metal or stone surface
lithography (noun)
the act of making a lithographic print
lithography (Noun)
The process of printing a lithograph on a hard, flat surface; originally the printing surface was a flat piece of stone that was etched with acid to form a surface that would selectively transfer ink to the paper; the stone has now been replaced, in general, with a metal plate.
Lithography
Lithography is a method for printing using a stone or a metal plate with a smooth surface. Invented in 1796 by German author and actor Alois Senefelder as a cheap method of publishing theatrical works, lithography can be used to print text or artwork onto paper or other suitable material. Lithography originally used an image applied with oil/fat/wax to the surface of lithographic limestone plate, which after being treated with a mixture of acid and gum arabic, and then with water, did attract ink, but only in the drawing's sticky areas and not in the wet etched areas clear of oil/fat/wax, which application prevented etching. The ink was then transferred to a blank paper sheet producing a printed page. In modern lithography, the image is made of a polymer coating applied to a flexible aluminum plate. To print an image lithographically, the flat surface of the stone plate is roughened slightly—etched—and divided into hydrophilic regions that accept a film of water, and thereby repel the greasy ink; and hydrophobic regions that repel water and accept ink because the surface tension is greater on the greasy image area, which remains dry. The image can be printed directly from the plate, or it can be offset, by transferring the image onto a flexible sheet for printing and publication.
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"lithography." Kamus.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2024. Web. 24 Apr. 2024. <https://www.kamus.net/english/lithography>.
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