plasma
plasma (n)
- plural
- plasmas
English Definitions:
plasma, plasm, blood plasma (noun)
the colorless watery fluid of the blood and lymph that contains no cells, but in which the blood cells (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes) are suspended
plasma (noun)
a green slightly translucent variety of chalcedony used as a gemstone
plasma (noun)
(physical chemistry) a fourth state of matter distinct from solid or liquid or gas and present in stars and fusion reactors; a gas becomes a plasma when it is heated until the atoms lose all their electrons, leaving a highly electrified collection of nuclei and free electrons
"particles in space exist in the form of a plasma"
plasma (Noun)
A state of matter consisting of partially ionized gas
plasma (Noun)
A clear component of blood or lymph containing fibrin
plasma (Noun)
Blood plasma, free of suspended cells, used in transfusions
plasma (Noun)
A variety of green quartz, used in ancient times for making engraved ornaments.
plasma (Noun)
A mixture of starch and glycerin, used as a substitute for ointments.
plasma (Noun)
A visual effect in which cycles of changing colours are warped in various ways to give the illusion of liquid organic movement.
Plasma
Plasma is one of the four fundamental states of matter. Heating a gas may ionize its molecules or atoms, thus turning it into a plasma, which contains charged particles: positive ions and negative electrons or ions. Ionization can be induced by other means, such as strong electromagnetic field applied with a laser or microwave generator, and is accompanied by the dissociation of molecular bonds, if present. Plasma can also be created by the application of an electric field on a gas, where the underlying process is the Townsend avalanche. The presence of a non-negligible number of charge carriers makes the plasma electrically conductive so that it responds strongly to electromagnetic fields. Plasma, therefore, has properties quite unlike those of solids, liquids, or gases and is considered a distinct state of matter. Like gas, plasma does not have a definite shape or a definite volume unless enclosed in a container; unlike gas, under the influence of a magnetic field, it may form structures such as filaments, beams and double layers. Some common plasmas are found in stars and neon signs. In the universe, plasma is the most common state of matter for ordinary matter, most of which is in the rarefied intergalactic plasma and in stars. Much of the understanding of plasmas has come from the pursuit of controlled nuclear fusion and fusion power, for which plasma physics provides the scientific basis.
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