up to
English Definitions:
up to (adj)
busy or occupied with
"what have you been up to?"; "up to no good"
adequate to(p), capable, equal to(p), up to(p) (adj)
having the requisite qualities for
"equal to the task"; "the work isn't up to the standard I require"
up to (Preposition)
Against; next to; near; towards; as far as.
up to (Preposition)
Capable of.
up to (Preposition)
As much as; no more than.
up to (Preposition)
For the option or decision of.
up to (Preposition)
Doing; involved in (with implications of mischief).
up to (Preposition)
Incumbent upon; the obligation of; the duty of.
up to (Preposition)
Considering all members of an equivalence class the same.
Up to
In mathematics, the phrase up to indicates that its grammatical object is some equivalence class, to be regarded as a single entity, or disregarded as a single entity. If this object is a class of transformations, it implies the equivalence of objects one of which is the image of the other under such a transformation. If X is some property or process, the phrase "up to X" means "disregarding a possible difference in X". For instance we might follow the statement "an integer's prime factorization is unique up to ordering", meaning that the prime factorization is unique if we disregard the order of the factors; or we might say "the solution to an indefinite integral is f(x), up to addition by a constant", meaning that the added constant is not the focus here, the solution f(x) is, and that the addition of a constant is to be regarded as a background, of secondary focus. Further examples concerning up to isomorphism, up to permutations and up to rotations are described below. In informal contexts, mathematicians often use the word modulo for similar purposes, as in "modulo isomorphism".
Up to
Two mathematical objects a and b are called equal up to an equivalence relation R if a and b are related by R, that is, if aRb holds, that is, if the equivalence classes of a and b with respect to R are equal.This figure of speech is mostly used in connection with expressions derived from equality, such as uniqueness or count. For example, x is unique up to R means that all objects x under consideration are in the same equivalence class with respect to the relation R. Moreover, the equivalence relation R is often designated rather implicitly by a generating condition or transformation. For example, the statement "an integer's prime factorization is unique up to ordering" is a concise way to say that any two lists of prime factors of a given integer are equivalent with respect to the relation R that relates two lists if one can be obtained by reordering (permutation) from the other. As another example, the statement "the solution to an indefinite integral is sin(x), up to addition of a constant" tacitly employs the equivalence relation R between functions, defined by fRg if the difference f−g is a constant function, and means that the solution and the function sin(x) are equal up to this R. In the picture, "there are 4 partitions up to rotation" means that the set P has 4 equivalence classes with respect to R defined by aRb if b can be obtained from a by rotation; one representative from each class is shown in the bottom left picture part. Equivalence relations are often used to disregard possible differences of objects, so "up to R" can be understood informally as "ignoring the same subtleties as R ignores". In the factorization example, "up to ordering" means "ignoring the particular ordering". Further examples include "up to isomorphism", "up to permutations", and "up to rotations", which are described in the Examples section. In informal contexts, mathematicians often use the word modulo (or simply "mod") for similar purposes, as in "modulo isomorphism".
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"up to." Kamus.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2024. Web. 24 Apr. 2024. <https://www.kamus.net/english/up+to>.
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