receptorrɪˈsɛp tər
receptor (n)
English Definitions:
receptor (noun)
a cellular structure that is postulated to exist in order to mediate between a chemical agent that acts on nervous tissue and the physiological response
sense organ, sensory receptor, receptor (noun)
an organ having nerve endings (in the skin or viscera or eye or ear or nose or mouth) that respond to stimulation
receptor (Noun)
A protein on a cell wall that binds with specific molecules so that they can be absorbed into the cell in order to control certain functions.
receptor (Noun)
Any specialized cell or structure that responds to sensory stimuli.
Receptor
In the field of biochemistry, a receptor is a molecule usually found on the surface of a cell, that receives chemical signals from outside the cell. When such external substances bind to a receptor, they direct the cell to do something, such as divide, die, or allow specific substances to enter or exit the cell. Receptors are proteins embedded in either the cell's plasma membrane, in the cytoplasm, or in the cell's nucleus, to which specific signaling molecules may attach. A molecule that binds to a receptor is called a ligand, and can be a peptide or another small molecule such as a neurotransmitter, hormone, pharmaceutical drug, or toxin. Numerous receptor types are found in a typical cell. Each type is linked to a specific biochemical pathway, and binds only certain ligand shapes, similarly to how locks require specifically shaped keys to open. When a ligand binds to its corresponding receptor, it activates or inhibits the receptor's associated biochemical pathway. Ligand binding changes the conformation of the receptor molecule. This alters the shape at a different part of the protein, changing the interaction of the receptor molecule with associated biochemicals, leading in turn to a cellular response mediated by the associated biochemical pathway. However, some ligands called antagonists merely block receptors from binding to other ligands without inducing any response themselves.
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"receptor." Kamus.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2024. Web. 26 Apr. 2024. <https://www.kamus.net/english/receptor>.
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