antipsychoticˌæn ti saɪˈkɒt ɪk, ˌæn taɪ-
antipsychotic
English Definitions:
major tranquilizer, major tranquillizer, major tranquilliser, antipsychotic drug, antipsychotic agent, antipsychotic, neuroleptic drug, neuroleptic agent, neuroleptic (noun)
tranquilizer used to treat psychotic conditions when a calming effect is desired
antipsychotic (Noun)
Any of a group of drugs used to treat psychosis.
antipsychotic (Adjective)
Preventing or counteracting psychosis.
Antipsychotic
An antipsychotic is a psychiatric medication primarily used to manage psychosis, particularly in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and is increasingly being used in the management of non-psychotic disorders. A first generation of antipsychotics, known as typical antipsychotics, was discovered in the 1950s. Most of the drugs in the second generation, known as atypical antipsychotics, have been developed more recently, although the first atypical antipsychotic, clozapine, was discovered in the 1950s and introduced clinically in the 1970s. Both generations of medication tend to block receptors in the brain's dopamine pathways, but atypicals tend to act on serotonin as well. A number of effects have been observed, including extrapyramidal effects on motor control – including akathisia, tremor, and abnormal muscle contractions, an involuntary movement disorder known as tardive dyskinesia, and elevations in prolactin. Some atypical antipsychotics have been associated with metabolic syndrome and, in the case of clozapine, lowered white blood cell counts. Some studies have suggested antipsychotics may be associated with a decrease in life expectancy of 20%.
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