polypeptideˌpɒl iˈpɛp taɪd, -tɪd
polypeptide (n)
- plural
- polypeptides
English Definitions:
polypeptide (noun)
a peptide containing 10 to more than 100 amino acids
polypeptide (Noun)
Any polymer of (same or different) amino acids joined via peptide bonds.
polypeptide (Noun)
Any such polymer that is not folded into a secondary structure of a protein.
polypeptide (Noun)
A small protein containing up to 100 amino acids; see also oligopeptide.
polypeptide
Peptides (from Ancient Greek πεπτός (peptós) 'digested', from πέσσειν (péssein) 'to digest') are short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Long chains of amino acids are called proteins. Chains of fewer than twenty amino acids are called oligopeptides, and include dipeptides, tripeptides, and tetrapeptides. A polypeptide is a longer, continuous, unbranched peptide chain. Hence, peptides fall under the broad chemical classes of biological polymers and oligomers, alongside nucleic acids, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and others. A polypeptide that contains more than approximately 50 amino acids is known as a protein. Proteins consist of one or more polypeptides arranged in a biologically functional way, often bound to ligands such as coenzymes and cofactors, or to another protein or other macromolecule such as DNA or RNA, or to complex macromolecular assemblies.Amino acids that have been incorporated into peptides are termed residues. A water molecule is released during formation of each amide bond. All peptides except cyclic peptides have an N-terminal (amine group) and C-terminal (carboxyl group) residue at the end of the peptide (as shown for the tetrapeptide in the image).
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